HI.II.B — Visual Scanning and Collision Avoidance

HI.II.B for the Flight Instructor Rotorcraft ACS: official objective, references, and 17 exact knowledge, risk-management, and skill descriptions.

FAA-S-ACS-29, November 2023. This study page does not replace the current FAA publication or an examiner's plan of action.

Official task context

HI.II.B official ACS context
Certificate or ratingFlight Instructor
Aircraft categoryRotorcraft
Area of operationArea of Operation II. Technical Subject Areas
TaskTask B. Visual Scanning and Collision Avoidance
Task code prefixHI.II.B
Official referencesAC 90-48; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-4, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-21, FAA-H-8083-25
FAA documentFAA-S-ACS-29 — Flight Instructor for Rotorcraft Category Helicopter Rating Airman Certification Standards
FAA source libraryOpen the official ACS library

Official task objective

To determine the applicant understands visual scanning and collision avoidance, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate pilot-in-command skills, and provide effective instruction.

What the ACS code means

  • HI identifies the ACS standard family used for this Flight Instructor Rotorcraft document.
  • II identifies Technical Subject Areas, the Area of Operation.
  • B identifies Visual Scanning and Collision Avoidance, the Task within that Area.
  • K, R, and S identify knowledge, risk-management, and skill elements. The number selects the item; a trailing lowercase letter identifies a listed sub-element.

Knowledge elements

Official ACS knowledge items and mock-oral treatment
ACS codeOfficial descriptionHow a mock oral can probe it
HI.II.B.K1Environmental conditions that degrade vision.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
HI.II.B.K2Vestibular and visual illusions.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
HI.II.B.K3“See and Avoid” responsibilities.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
HI.II.B.K4Visual scanning procedure and the importance of peripheral vision.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
HI.II.B.K5Aircraft blind spots and clearing procedures.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
HI.II.B.K6Visual cues of an impending mid-air collision.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
HI.II.B.K7Situations that create the greatest collision risk.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
HI.II.B.K8Division of attention inside and outside the aircraft.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.

Risk management elements

Official ACS risk management items and mock-oral treatment
ACS codeOfficial descriptionHow a mock oral can probe it
HI.II.B.R1Distractions to visual scanning.Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
HI.II.B.R2Relaxed intermediate focal distance.Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
HI.II.B.R3High volume operational environments.Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
HI.II.B.R4Collision reaction time.Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
HI.II.B.R5Use of a safety pilot.Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.

Skills elements

Official ACS skills items and mock-oral treatment
ACS codeOfficial descriptionHow a mock oral can probe it
HI.II.B.S1Effectively scan using short regularly spaced eye movements.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
HI.II.B.S2Scan around physical obstructions.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
HI.II.B.S3Use appropriate visual scanning techniques.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
HI.II.B.S4Use electronic traffic alert systems, if available.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.

Difficulty data

Difficulty calibration is ongoing for this Task. A difficulty estimate is published only with a sufficiently large, privacy-preserving first directly recorded assessment sample. Any observed difficulty comes from Checkride AI mock-oral practice assessments and is a practice-data proxy, not an FAA practical-test pass or fail rate.

Difficulty calibration remains ongoing until an item clears the private reporting threshold. Percentages, when available, describe the share who needed review on their first directly recorded assessment. Underlying sample sizes are never published, and historical final states are not backfilled into this measure.

How to use this in a mock oral

A mock examiner can ask you to explain the published elements, apply them to the configured aircraft and airport scenario, identify risks, and defend a decision. The prompts are practice scenarios; they are not claimed to be actual FAA examiner scripts or a prediction of the questions you will receive.

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