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AI.VII.A — Normal Takeoff and Climb

AI.VII.A for the Flight Instructor Airplane ACS: official objective, references, and 36 exact knowledge, risk-management, and skill descriptions.

FAA-S-ACS-25, November 2023. This study page does not replace the current FAA publication or an examiner's plan of action.

Official task context

AI.VII.A official ACS context
Certificate or ratingFlight Instructor
Aircraft categoryAirplane
Area of operationArea of Operation VII. Takeoffs, Landings, and Go-Arounds
TaskTask A. Normal Takeoff and Climb
Task code prefixAI.VII.A
Official referencesAIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; POH/AFM
FAA documentFAA-S-ACS-25 — Flight Instructor for Airplane Category Airman Certification Standards
FAA source libraryOpen the official ACS library

Official task objective

To determine the applicant understands normal takeoff and climb, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

What the ACS code means

  • AI identifies the ACS standard family used for this Flight Instructor Airplane document.
  • VII identifies Takeoffs, Landings, and Go-Arounds, the Area of Operation.
  • A identifies Normal Takeoff and Climb, the Task within that Area.
  • K, R, and S identify knowledge, risk-management, and skill elements. The number selects the item; a trailing lowercase letter identifies a listed sub-element.

Knowledge elements

Official ACS knowledge items and mock-oral treatment
ACS codeOfficial descriptionHow a mock oral can probe it
AI.VII.A.K1Procedures for normal and crosswind takeoff.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.VII.A.K2Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on takeoff and climb performance.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.VII.A.K3Best angle of climb speed (VX) and best rate of climb speed (VY).Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.VII.A.K4Appropriate airplane configuration.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.VII.A.K5Common errors related to this Task.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.

Risk management elements

Official ACS risk management items and mock-oral treatment
ACS codeOfficial descriptionHow a mock oral can probe it
AI.VII.A.R1Selection of runway based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, available distance, and wind.Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.VII.A.R2Effects of:Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.VII.A.R2aa. CrosswindWork through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.VII.A.R2bb. WindshearWork through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.VII.A.R2cc. TailwindWork through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.VII.A.R2dd. Wake turbulenceWork through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.VII.A.R2ee. Takeoff surface/conditionWork through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.VII.A.R3Abnormal operations, including planning for:Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.VII.A.R3aa. Rejected takeoffWork through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.VII.A.R3bb. Potential engine failure in takeoff/climb phase of flightWork through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.VII.A.R4Collision hazards.Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.VII.A.R5Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.VII.A.R6Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.VII.A.R7Runway incursion.Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.

Skills elements

Official ACS skills items and mock-oral treatment
ACS codeOfficial descriptionHow a mock oral can probe it
AI.VII.A.S1Complete the appropriate checklist(s).Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S2Make radio calls as appropriate.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S3Verify assigned/correct runway or takeoff path.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S4Determine wind direction with or without visible wind direction indicators.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S5Position the flight controls for the existing wind, if applicable.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S6Clear the area, taxi into takeoff position, and align the airplane on the runway centerline (ASEL, AMEL) or takeoff path (ASES, AMES).Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S7Retract the water rudders, as appropriate (ASES, AMES).Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S8Advance the throttle smoothly to takeoff power and confirm proper engine and flight instrument indications prior to rotation.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S9Avoid excessive water spray on the propeller(s) (ASES, AMES).Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S10Establish and maintain the most efficient planing/lift-off attitude, and correct for porpoising or skipping (ASES, AMES).Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S11Rotate and lift off at the recommended airspeed and accelerate to VY.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S12Establish a pitch attitude to maintain the manufacturer’s recommended speed or VY, ±5 knots.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S13Configure the airplane in accordance with manufacturer’s guidance.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S14Maintain VY ±5 knots to a safe maneuvering altitude.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S15Maintain directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout takeoff and climb.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S16Comply with noise abatement procedures, as applicable.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.VII.A.S17Analyze and correct common errors related to this Task.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.

Difficulty data

Difficulty calibration is ongoing for this Task. A difficulty estimate is published only with a sufficiently large, privacy-preserving first directly recorded assessment sample. Any observed difficulty comes from Checkride AI mock-oral practice assessments and is a practice-data proxy, not an FAA practical-test pass or fail rate.

Difficulty calibration remains ongoing until an item clears the private reporting threshold. Percentages, when available, describe the share who needed review on their first directly recorded assessment. Underlying sample sizes are never published, and historical final states are not backfilled into this measure.

Official task notes

  • If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s knowledge of crosswind elements must be evaluated through oral testing.

How to use this in a mock oral

A mock examiner can ask you to explain the published elements, apply them to the configured aircraft and airport scenario, identify risks, and defend a decision. The prompts are practice scenarios; they are not claimed to be actual FAA examiner scripts or a prediction of the questions you will receive.

Practice in a mock oral

Related ACS tasks