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AI.V.D — Taxiing, Airport Signs, and Lighting (ASEL, AMEL)

AI.V.D for the Flight Instructor Airplane ACS: official objective, references, and 24 exact knowledge, risk-management, and skill descriptions.

FAA-S-ACS-25, November 2023. This study page does not replace the current FAA publication or an examiner's plan of action.

Official task context

AI.V.D official ACS context
Certificate or ratingFlight Instructor
Aircraft categoryAirplane
Area of operationArea of Operation V. Preflight Procedures
TaskTask D. Taxiing, Airport Signs, and Lighting (ASEL, AMEL)
Task code prefixAI.V.D
Official referencesAC 91-73; AIM; Chart Supplements; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25; POH/AFM
FAA documentFAA-S-ACS-25 — Flight Instructor for Airplane Category Airman Certification Standards
FAA source libraryOpen the official ACS library

Official task objective

To determine the applicant understands taxiing an airplane, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

What the ACS code means

  • AI identifies the ACS standard family used for this Flight Instructor Airplane document.
  • V identifies Preflight Procedures, the Area of Operation.
  • D identifies Taxiing, Airport Signs, and Lighting (ASEL, AMEL), the Task within that Area.
  • K, R, and S identify knowledge, risk-management, and skill elements. The number selects the item; a trailing lowercase letter identifies a listed sub-element.

Knowledge elements

Official ACS knowledge items and mock-oral treatment
ACS codeOfficial descriptionHow a mock oral can probe it
AI.V.D.K1Elements of safe taxi operations.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.V.D.K2Current airport aeronautical references and information resources such as the Chart Supplement, airport diagram, and Notices to Air Missions (NOTAMs).Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.V.D.K3Taxi instructions/clearances.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.V.D.K4Airport markings, signs, and lights.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.V.D.K5Visual indicators for wind.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.V.D.K6Aircraft lighting, as appropriate.Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.V.D.K7Procedures for:Explain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.V.D.K7aa. Appropriate flight deck activities prior to taxi, including route planning and identifying the location of Hot SpotsExplain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.V.D.K7bb. Radio communications at towered and nontowered airportsExplain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.V.D.K7cc. Entering or crossing runwaysExplain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.V.D.K7dd. Night taxi operationsExplain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.
AI.V.D.K7ee. Low visibility taxi operationsExplain the element, apply it to a scenario, and connect the answer to current references or aircraft information when relevant.

Risk management elements

Official ACS risk management items and mock-oral treatment
ACS codeOfficial descriptionHow a mock oral can probe it
AI.V.D.R1Activities and distractions.Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.V.D.R2Confirmation or expectation bias as related to taxi instructions.Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.V.D.R3A taxi route or departure runway change.Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.
AI.V.D.R4Runway incursion.Work through a scenario by identifying the hazard, evaluating the risk, and explaining a practical mitigation or decision.

Skills elements

Official ACS skills items and mock-oral treatment
ACS codeOfficial descriptionHow a mock oral can probe it
AI.V.D.S1Receive and correctly read back clearances/instructions, if applicable.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.V.D.S2Use an airport diagram or taxi chart during taxi, if published, and maintain situational awareness.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.V.D.S3Position the flight controls for the existing wind, if applicable.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.V.D.S4Complete the appropriate checklist(s).Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.V.D.S5Perform a brake check immediately after the airplane begins moving.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.V.D.S6Maintain positive control of the airplane during ground operations by controlling direction and speed without excessive use of brakes.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.V.D.S7Comply with airport/taxiway markings, signals, and air traffic control (ATC) clearances and instructions.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.
AI.V.D.S8Position the airplane properly relative to hold lines.Describe the procedure, interpretation, or decision process that can be discussed during an oral. Physical aircraft performance remains part of the practical test.

Difficulty data

Difficulty calibration is ongoing for this Task. A difficulty estimate is published only with a sufficiently large, privacy-preserving first directly recorded assessment sample. Any observed difficulty comes from Checkride AI mock-oral practice assessments and is a practice-data proxy, not an FAA practical-test pass or fail rate.

Difficulty calibration remains ongoing until an item clears the private reporting threshold. Percentages, when available, describe the share who needed review on their first directly recorded assessment. Underlying sample sizes are never published, and historical final states are not backfilled into this measure.

How to use this in a mock oral

A mock examiner can ask you to explain the published elements, apply them to the configured aircraft and airport scenario, identify risks, and defend a decision. The prompts are practice scenarios; they are not claimed to be actual FAA examiner scripts or a prediction of the questions you will receive.

Practice in a mock oral

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